In July 1961, the Bank resumed its operations in Taiwan and regained its right to issue currency. Currently, the Bank is responsible for designing, planning, producing bank notes and coins, and destroying old notes which are no longer fit to use. Printing and minting of the NT dollar are carried out by the Central Engraving and Printing Plant and the Central Mint, both are run by the Bank. The Bank of Taiwan is authorized to distribute notes and coins and sorts out returned notes.

The amount of currency issued is affected by seasonal factors, general economic conditions, and institutional factors. Within a year, the most significant seasonal factor is the Chinese Lunar New Year. Around the time there is a temporary surge in cash demand, resulting in huge amount of currency issued. normally a prosperous year results in higher transaction demand, consequently higher demand for cash. As for longer term, in recent years, the growth of currency issued is not as fast as it was before after the use of plastic money, such as credit card and debit card, as well as the widespread of ATM system.

As the demand for currency is subject to a variety of factors, the Bank closely monitors changes in such demand and plans in advance accordingly to meet the public's needs.